PVP K90 USP/NF 26 GRADE FILM-FORMING POLYMER

PVP K90 Description — High Molecular Weight Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Film Former and Thickener

At Quimiconsult we offer USP/NF grade PVP K90, also known as polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 or povidone K90. It is an amorphous, hygroscopic, linear, non-ionic synthetic polymer supplied as a white to slightly yellowish-white powder, with a K-value in the approximate range of 85 to 95. Its CAS number is 9003-39-8 and its systematic chemical name is 2-pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, homopolymer. It is the highest molecular weight grade in the polyvinylpyrrolidone family, with an average molecular weight of approximately 1,000,000 to 1,500,000 daltons, giving it the greatest film-forming, binding, thickening and holding power in the entire PVP line.

PVP K90 is highly soluble in water and in a wide variety of organic solvents, including alcohols, glycols, organic acids and chlorinated compounds, making it one of the most versatile polymers available for industrial formulation. This exceptional solubility, combined with its non-ionic nature, makes PVP K90 compatible with virtually any formulation system without altering pH, without reacting with other active ingredients and without creating incompatibilities that limit its use. Unlike medium molecular weight grades such as PVP K30, PVP K90 produces higher-viscosity solutions and thicker, tougher films with greater adhesive strength, which is why it is the grade of choice when maximum film-forming, thickening or holding performance is sought.

The most distinctive property of PVP K90 is its ability to form transparent, glossy, flexible films with high mechanical strength and excellent adhesive, cohesive and dispersing properties. These films form when the polymer is dissolved in water or organic solvents and the medium then evaporates, leaving a continuous, uniform layer on the surface where it was applied. Thanks to its high molecular weight, PVP K90 films are thicker and tougher than those of lower grades, making it irreplaceable in applications such as long-lasting hair hold, high-cohesion adhesives and protective coatings.

In addition to its role as a film former, PVP K90 is physiologically inert, meaning it does not cause adverse reactions when it comes into contact with biological tissue. This physiological inertness, backed by its USP/NF grade, is what allows its safe use in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, as well as in cosmetic products applied directly to the skin and hair.

For those wanting to know what PVP K90 is used for, it is a multifunctional, high molecular weight polymer that acts as a high-strength film former, maximum-strength binder, thickener and rheology modifier, dispersing agent, emulsion stabilizer, protective colloid and steric stabilizer in polymerization, adapting to the most demanding applications in each industrial sector.

USP/NF grade PVP K90 is available in Monterrey, Nuevo León, with shipping throughout Mexico.

PVP K90 Details and Properties

Quimiconsult's PVP K90 meets the specifications established by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and the National Formulary (NF), guaranteeing a level of purity and quality control suitable for the most demanding applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and industrial sectors. Its technical specifications include a K-value in the approximate range of 85 to 95, pH in 5% solution of 3.0 to 7.0, maximum moisture of 5.0%, maximum residue on ignition of 0.10% and nitrogen content of 11.50 to 12.80%, with impurity limits (free vinylpyrrolidone, aldehydes and peroxides) in accordance with the current USP/NF monograph and the batch certificate of analysis.

The K-value is the most important parameter for classifying the different PVP grades, since it is directly related to the polymer's molecular weight: the higher the K-value, the higher the molecular weight, the higher the solution viscosity and the greater the binding and film-forming power. With a K-value close to 90, PVP K90 sits at the top end of the polyvinylpyrrolidone family, with an average molecular weight of approximately 1,000,000 to 1,500,000 daltons. This high molecular weight is precisely what gives it its maximum film-forming, adhesive and thickening power, and sets it apart from medium molecular weight grades (such as PVP K30), which prioritize ease of dissolution and low viscosity over film strength.

Physicochemical and Functional Properties of PVP K90

The hygroscopic nature of PVP K90 is a property of twofold relevance. On the one hand, it facilitates hydration in water and aqueous systems; on the other, it requires precautions during storage to prevent the product from absorbing ambient moisture and caking, which could make dosing and weighing difficult. Because of its high molecular weight, PVP K90 dissolves more slowly than lower grades and produces noticeably more viscous solutions at the same concentration, so its solutions are best prepared at suitable concentrations and with good shear.

As a linear, non-ionic polymer, PVP K90 is compatible with an exceptionally broad range of ingredients, including salts, acids, bases, surfactants, natural and synthetic polymers, active pharmaceutical ingredients and pigments. This universal compatibility is a significant competitive advantage over other polymers that have limitations due to their ionic charge or chemical reactivity.

The films formed by PVP K90 are transparent, glossy, flexible and highly abrasion-resistant, and they surpass those of lower molecular weight grades in thickness, toughness and adhesive strength. These films can be formed with water as well as with the most common organic plasticizers, allowing the mechanical properties of the film to be adjusted to the requirements of each application; where greater flexibility is needed, plasticizers such as glycerin or propylene glycol can be added.

PVP K90 also exhibits complexing properties, that is, the ability to form molecular complexes with a variety of compounds, including iodine (to form povidone-iodine), dyes, polyphenols and certain active ingredients. This complexing property is exploited in applications ranging from disinfectant formulation to beverage clarification and formulation stabilization.

From a safety standpoint, PVP K90 has a very favorable toxicological profile. The oral LD50 in rats is greater than 10,000 mg/kg, which classifies it as a substance of very low toxicity. It does not meet the criteria for classification in any hazard class under the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) and requires no hazard pictogram or signal word. It is not flammable under normal conditions, although, like any organic powder, its accumulation in enclosed spaces should be avoided due to the risk of dust explosion. It has no known risks of mutagenicity, carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicity.

PVP K90 Applications: High Molecular Weight Polyvinylpyrrolidone

PVP K90 is the grade of choice when the application demands maximum film-forming, binding, thickening or holding power. Its high molecular weight makes it especially valuable in sectors where film strength and persistence are critical.

Cosmetics and personal care industry: long-lasting hair hold

PVP K90 is, par excellence, the benchmark holding polymer for maximum-hold hair products. In hairsprays, styling sprays, gels, waxes and mousses, it forms a high-strength film on the hair that provides strong, long-lasting hold, shine, humidity resistance and good combability. Its high molecular weight is precisely what gives it greater holding power than lower grades, which is why it is the preferred grade in strong and extra-strong hold products. In skin care products—creams, lotions, sunscreens and makeup—it acts as a film former that improves the application feel, helps distribute UV filters and pigments evenly, and prolongs the persistence of active ingredients on the skin surface.

Pharmaceutical industry

In the pharmaceutical industry, PVP K90 is used as a high-strength film former in tablet coating, where it provides a tough protective layer that improves appearance, makes swallowing easier, masks unpleasant tastes and can help control the release of the active ingredient. It is also used as a thickening and suspending agent in syrups and oral suspensions, as a protective colloid and stabilizer in dispersions, and as a binder in tablets that require maximum cohesion or a high active load. Because of the high viscosity of its solutions, PVP K30 is usually preferred in conventional wet granulation; PVP K90 is reserved for cases where maximum binding or film-forming power is sought.

High-cohesion adhesives

In the adhesives industry, PVP K90 is used as a component in pressure-sensitive adhesives, label adhesives, glues and specialty adhesives for medical applications (adhesive bandages, surgical tapes). Its ability to form transparent, physiologically inert, high-cohesion adhesive films makes it especially suitable for adhesives that require greater tack and strength, including those that come into contact with the skin.

Ceramics, glass and composite materials

In the ceramics and glass industry, PVP K90 works as a high-strength temporary binder that maintains the cohesion of parts during forming and drying and burns off cleanly during sintering without leaving significant carbonaceous residues. In fiberglass manufacturing, it acts as a sizing agent that protects the fibers during processing and improves their compatibility with polymer matrices.

Coatings, paints and inks

In coatings, paints and inks, PVP K90 is used as a pigment dispersant, emulsion stabilizer, rheology modifier (thickener) and auxiliary film former. Its high molecular weight provides a stronger thickening effect and better pigment suspension, preventing settling and flocculation and improving color consistency and finish quality.

Polymerization processes: protective colloid and steric stabilizer

In the suspension polymerization of vinyl monomers (such as vinyl chloride for PVC and styrene), PVP K90 works as a steric stabilizer and protective colloid. Its high molecular weight makes it highly effective at preventing monomer droplet coalescence and controlling the particle size and distribution of the resulting polymer, which directly affects the processing properties of the final product.

Detergents, textiles, paper and water treatment

In detergents, PVP (especially high molecular weight grades) is used as an anti-redeposition agent and dye transfer inhibitor, preventing dyes released during washing from depositing on other garments. In the textile industry, it improves dye affinity for fibers and acts as an antistatic agent and as a component in finishes that require film formation. In pulp and paper, it improves the retention of fines and pigments and wet strength. In water treatment, it is used as a flocculant and dispersant that helps suspended particles agglomerate and settle.

Note on beverage clarification (PVPP)

In the beverage industry (beer, wine and fruit juices), the insoluble, cross-linked form of polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVPP (polyvinylpolypyrrolidone), is used as a clarifying agent that selectively adsorbs the polyphenols and tannins responsible for haze. Although PVPP is a cross-linked, insoluble derivative unlike PVP K90, it is worth mentioning because many formulators look for information on PVP in the context of beverage clarification.

To discover more related solutions, you can visit our Stabilizers, Dispersants, Construction, Personal Care and Cosmetics, and Pharmaceutical and Wellness categories.

The K-Value in Polyvinylpyrrolidone: What It Means and How to Choose the Right Grade

One of the most frequent questions among formulators working with polyvinylpyrrolidone is what the K-value means and how to determine which grade is best suited to their application. The K-value is an indicator of the polymer's molecular weight, calculated from the intrinsic viscosity of a PVP solution using the Fikentscher equation. The higher the K-value, the higher the molecular weight, the higher the solution viscosity and the greater the binding and film-forming power.

The most common PVP grades on the market are PVP K12 (approximate molecular weight of 2,000 to 3,000), PVP K17 (approximately 7,000 to 11,000), PVP K25 (approximately 24,000 to 45,000), PVP K30 (approximately 40,000 to 60,000), PVP K60 (approximately 300,000 to 400,000) and PVP K90 (approximately 1,000,000 to 1,500,000).

Low molecular weight grades (K12, K17) form thinner, more brittle films but provide low-viscosity solutions and dissolve more quickly; they are preferred where a solubilizing effect is needed without increasing viscosity. Medium molecular weight grades (K25, K30) offer the best balance of binding power, manageable viscosity and ease of processing, and are the most widely used binders in pharmaceutical wet granulation.

High molecular weight grades (K60, K90) form thicker, tougher films with greater adhesive strength and produce high-viscosity solutions. PVP K90 is the grade with maximum film-forming, binding and thickening performance, the choice when maximum holding power (high-hold hair products), maximum binding power (tablets with a high active load), the highest viscosity or protective colloid action (polymerization, thickening), or the toughest film (high-cohesion coatings and adhesives) is required. Its high solution viscosity is the trade-off to consider in process design.

At Quimiconsult we offer both PVP K90 (high molecular weight) and PVP K30 (medium molecular weight) in USP/NF grade, covering the full spectrum of formulation needs. If your formulation requires a technical evaluation to determine the most suitable grade, our team can guide you.

PVP K90 Storage and Handling

To preserve the quality and specifications of PVP K90, it is essential to store it in its original, tightly closed container in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place, protected from direct sunlight and away from heat sources. PVP K90 is a hygroscopic polymer that absorbs moisture from the environment if the container is not kept sealed, which can cause the powder to cake, make dosing difficult and push moisture content out of specification. Keeping containers closed when not in use is the most important measure to preserve the product's properties.

PVP K90 must be kept away from strong oxidizing agents and strong reducing agents, which are the incompatible materials identified in its safety data sheet. Although it is not classified as a hazardous substance under the GHS and requires no pictogram or signal word, basic personal protective equipment is recommended during handling: splash-proof safety goggles, protective gloves and work clothing. In operations where dust is generated during weighing, transfer or equipment loading, approved respiratory protection and adequate ventilation are recommended to avoid inhaling particles.

Like any fine organic powder, PVP K90 can form explosive mixtures with air when it accumulates in sufficient concentrations in enclosed spaces; therefore, dust accumulation should be avoided, work areas kept clean and local exhaust systems provided. PVP K90 is not classified as dangerous goods for transport under United Nations regulations, which simplifies its logistics and distribution. Proper inventory rotation is recommended. For full details on safe handling and classification, consult the product's current Safety Data Sheet (SDS).

Frequently Asked Questions about PVP K90

What is PVP K90 and what is it used for?

PVP K90 is polyvinylpyrrolidone with a K-value close to 90 (approximate molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 1,500,000 daltons), the highest molecular weight grade in the PVP family. It is a water-soluble synthetic polymer that works as a high-strength film former, maximum-strength binder, thickener, dispersant, stabilizer and protective colloid. Its main applications include long-lasting hair hold in cosmetics, tablet coating and high-cohesion binding in pharmaceuticals, high-cohesion adhesives, thickening and dispersion in coatings, and steric stabilization in polymerization. Its USP/NF grade guarantees that it is suitable for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use.

What is the difference between PVP K90 and PVP K30?

The main difference is molecular weight: PVP K30 has a medium molecular weight (~40,000–60,000 Da) and PVP K90 a very high one (~1,000,000–1,500,000 Da). K30 dissolves faster, produces low-viscosity solutions and is the standard binder for pharmaceutical wet granulation. K90 forms thicker, tougher films, has greater holding, binding and thickening power, and produces more viscous solutions; it is the grade of choice for high-hold hair styling, high-cohesion adhesives, thickening and protective colloid use in polymerization. The choice depends on whether ease of dissolution and low viscosity (K30) or maximum film and viscosity performance (K90) is the priority.

What is the difference between PVP K90 and povidone-iodine?

PVP K90 is the base polymer with no active ingredient incorporated. Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) is a complex of PVP with molecular iodine, in which the polymer acts as a carrier and controlled-release vehicle for the iodine, which is the active antiseptic agent. Povidone-iodine is used in antiseptic solutions for skin and wound disinfection; PVP is required as a raw material to manufacture it, but the two products have different functions.

Is PVP K90 safe for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use?

USP/NF grade PVP K90 is physiologically inert and has an oral LD50 in rats greater than 10,000 mg/kg, indicating extremely low toxicity. Povidone is accepted as a pharmaceutical excipient by the United States Pharmacopeia and the European Pharmacopoeia, and is included in the FDA's Inactive Ingredient Database. It has no known risks of mutagenicity, carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicity.

How do you dissolve PVP K90 in water?

PVP K90 dissolves in water, although because of its high molecular weight it does so more slowly and produces more viscous solutions than lower grades. To prepare solutions, it is recommended to add the powder slowly to the water under constant agitation to avoid lumps; if a large amount is added all at once, the outer particles hydrate and form a viscous layer that prevents water from penetrating the inside of the lump. Mixing with a high-speed disperser or a mixer with good shear helps obtain homogeneous solutions. The working concentration should be adjusted to the desired viscosity.

Why is PVP K90 preferred for hair styling products?

Because its high molecular weight forms the toughest film with the greatest holding power in the PVP family, which translates into strong, long-lasting hold with good humidity resistance. That is why it is the benchmark grade in strong and extra-strong hold hairsprays, sprays, gels and waxes.

Where can I buy PVP K90 in Mexico?

At Quimiconsult we offer USP/NF grade PVP K90 with certificates of analysis for each batch and technical support. We are located in Monterrey, Nuevo León, and ship throughout Mexico, serving development laboratories and pharmaceutical, cosmetic and industrial plants. Request a quote or a sample at +52 (81) 8105 0063.

Other Names and Synonyms for PVP K90

PVP K90 is known by various names depending on the industry, the country and the context of use. All of the following names refer to the same polymer with a K-value close to 90:

Povidone K90 (povidona K90) is the International Nonproprietary Name (INN/DCI) used in the United States Pharmacopeia, the European Pharmacopoeia and global pharmaceutical regulatory documentation. Polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (polivinilpirrolidona K90) is the descriptive name of the polymer, a homopolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone (vinylpyrrolidone). PVP K-90, PVP-K90 or Pvp K90 are spelling variants that appear in catalogs, purchase orders and online searches. Povidone K 90 is a variant with a space. Kollidon 90 / Kollidon 90 F and Plasdone K-90 are reference trade names under which this grade is also known in the excipients market.

Likewise, in purchasing and sourcing processes it is common to see searches such as PVP K90 price, buy povidone K90, polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 Mexico, pharmaceutical grade PVP K90, PVP K90 hair fixative, PVP for hair styling, what is polyvinylpyrrolidone used for, what is povidone used for or high molecular weight PVP. These variations help purchasing, formulation and product development managers identify PVP K90 within the market for pharmaceutical excipients and functional polymers.

Presentations and Quote Requests

USP/NF grade PVP K90 is available from Monterrey, Nuevo León, with shipping throughout Mexico, together with a certificate of analysis for each batch (CoA), technical data sheet (TDS) and safety data sheet (SDS). Ask about availability, presentations, volume pricing or a technical sample at +52 (81) 8105 0063, or visit us at Privada El Encino No. 750, Col. LaGrange, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., CP 66490. Our technical team can help you choose between PVP K90 and PVP K30 according to the film strength, viscosity and performance your formulation requires.

Related products

These products from our catalog are used together with PVP K90 in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and industrial formulations, or cover complementary needs within the same line of excipients and functional polymers:

• PVP K30 (polyvinylpyrrolidone / povidone K30, USP/NF grade) — the medium molecular weight grade of the PVP family: the standard binder for pharmaceutical wet granulation and a low-viscosity film former. It is the natural complement to K90 when ease of dissolution and low viscosity are prioritized over maximum film strength.
• USP Glycerin / pharmaceutical grade — a plasticizer and humectant that modifies the flexibility of PVP films and acts as a vehicle in pharmaceutical, topical, hair care and oral formulations.
• USP Propylene Glycol / pharmaceutical grade — a plasticizer, humectant and co-solvent for PVP films and for water-based and hydroalcoholic pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations.

Related categories: Pharmaceutical and Wellness · Personal Care and Cosmetics · Stabilizers · Dispersants · Adhesives and Coatings · Excipients and Functional Polymers.

Not sure which PVP grade or complementary excipient your formulation needs? Contact us and our technical team will help you select the right povidone grade and formulation aids based on the film strength, viscosity, plasticizer and performance your product requires.